Targeted drugs for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma include nitolizumab, gefitinib, erlotinib, etc. It is recommended that patients strictly follow the doctor’s instructions to use the drugs. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma refers to esophageal malignant tumor caused by heterogeneous hyperplasia of esophageal squamous epithelium. Targeted therapy has strong pertinence and relatively small side effects, and has better curative effect on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. At present, the commonly used targeted therapies for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma include nituzumab, gefitinib, erlotinib and so on. 1. Nitolizumab is an antitumor drug, which can effectively kill cancer cells, but is less harmful to normal cells, and can effectively alleviate the discomfort of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and prolong the survival period of patients. However, some patients may have adverse reactions such as mild fever, decreased blood pressure and dizziness when using this drug. 2. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is expressed in both normal cells and tumor cells, and plays an important role in the process of cell growth and differentiation. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors can effectively inhibit and impede tumor growth, promote apoptosis of tumor cells as well as prevent tumor metastasis, and commonly used drugs include gefitinib and erlotinib. However, it may cause side effects such as diarrhea, anorexia, rash and itching. Patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma can delay the development of the disease through active and effective treatment, and should standardize the treatment under the guidance of doctors. When applying the targeted drugs, if there are serious adverse reactions, they should communicate with doctors in time, and the doctors should adjust the treatment plan if necessary.