Generally, once formed, atheromatous plaque cannot be cured and can only be stabilized by medication or interventional therapy to reduce the arterial stenosis caused by the plaque. The current view is that atheromatous plaque formation is due to arterial endothelial damage and lipid deposition in the blood on the surface of the damaged artery. According to the pathological development process can be divided into six periods, i.e. lipid spots, lipid streaks, pre-plaque, atheromatous plaque, fibrous atheromatous plaque, and composite lesions. When the development of atheromatous plaque, the accumulation of lipids has formed lipid pools, and the lesion involves the arterial wall, and the plaque in this period is incurable. For patients who have developed atheromatous plaques, long-term oral statin lipid-lowering drugs (e.g., simvastatin, atorvastatin, etc.) need to be taken under the guidance of a doctor to stabilize the plaque and reduce the risk of plaque rupture. For patients with severe arterial stenosis, interventional therapy is needed to relieve the blood supply of the stenotic artery to avoid serious adverse effects. Patients with atherosclerotic plaques should be reviewed regularly and treated according to their doctor’s instructions.