Benign tumors of the lung septum are generally understood to be benign mediastinal tumors that can be surgically removed. Most mediastinal tumors are benign, and if they are large in size they may compress the lungs and present with symptoms such as chest pain, chest tightness, and dyspnea, and the possibility of malignancy cannot be completely ruled out, so surgical resection is generally recommended. Even if the imaging diagnosis is benign mediastinal tumor, it still needs to be correctly determined by postoperative pathology to determine the nature of the tumor. If the tumor is benign, it can usually be completely cured through surgical treatment, and no other treatment is usually needed after surgery. If the tumor is malignant, further examination is needed to clarify whether metastasis of the tumor has occurred or not, and chemotherapy, radiotherapy and other treatments may be needed after surgery. Patients with benign mediastinal tumors are advised to seek medical attention for standardized treatment to avoid delaying their condition.