Nystagmus is usually not an independent disease, but can be combined with ophthalmic or systemic pathologies. From the ophthalmology point of view, there are the following types of nystagmus: 1) albinism; 2) congenital cataract; 3) optic nerve dysplasia; 4) macular degeneration; 5) retinitis pigmentosa; 6) congenital glaucoma; 7) corneal leukomalacia and other diseases that seriously affect vision can cause nystagmus; 8) nystagmus of unknown etiology. Second, special types of nystagmus: 1, vertical nystagmus; 2, upward jumping nystagmus; 3, downward jumping nystagmus; 4, seesaw-like nystagmus; 5, periodically changing nystagmus.