Pain in the back of the head may be cerebral hemorrhage, which is usually caused by cerebellar hemorrhage and occipital lobe hemorrhage. If necessary, cranial CT and cranial MRI should be examined to clarify the diagnosis. Cerebral hemorrhage is an acute hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease, and most patients have a history of hypertension. It usually starts suddenly during activity and can present with headache, nausea and vomiting, and may also present with physical signs and symptoms, including hemiparesis, hemianopsia and hemiplegia. In the case of cerebellar brainstem lesions, patients may also present with dizziness, nausea, vomiting, balance disorders, and ataxia. Patients with occipital lobe hemorrhage can experience blindness and blurred vision. Patients with cerebral hemorrhage commonly suffer from hypertension and arteriovenous malformations as well as cerebral aneurysms, and should be hospitalized promptly after onset of the disease for comprehensive treatment. The disease has a rapid onset, high lethality and disability rate, and affects the quality of life of patients. Surgery is recommended when it is appropriate, but conservative treatment is also recommended when it is not.