Fat, glucose and protein belong to the three major nutritional elements required by the human body, it is determined that 1 gram of fat can be completely burned to provide the body with 9.2 kilocalories. In addition, fat is also involved in the composition of cell tissues, many important chemical reactions with the participation of fat; a healthy body without the presence of fat. In order to ensure normal metabolism, the human body must consume a certain amount of fat every day to supplement the energy consumed, so the fat in the body is in a state of dynamic balance. Normal human body fat consists of the following parts, namely, total cholesterol, triglycerides, which are mainly found in adipose tissue and blood. Fats in the blood often exist as free and lipoproteins and maintain a certain level of content. When under the action of abnormal metabolism or pathogenic factors, resulting in high blood lipid content and causing the corresponding disease process, it is called hyperlipidemia. 1, clinical manifestations of hyperlipidemia Under normal circumstances, adult blood triglyceride content of 0.22 ~ 1.2mmol / L, cholesterol content of 3.12 ~ 5.20mmol / L. In the early stage of increased lipids are generally no obvious symptoms, the patient can be normal eating and life, but long-term hyperlipidemia can cause some systems and organs of the lesions, resulting in the corresponding performance. Obesity: About 2/3 of hyperlipidemia patients are overweight, which is manifested as obesity. The weight gain can be estimated by the simple formula “standard weight (kg) = height – 110”. Atherosclerosis: Many middle-aged and old-aged hyperlipidemia patients suffer from lipid metabolism abnormalities affecting the nutritional intake of vascular endothelial cells, resulting in damage to the vascular endothelium and easy deposition of adipose tissue in the subendothelial layer of the vasculature. Over time, the endothelium of blood vessels undergoes ulceration, sclerosis and thrombosis, which is the pathological basis for the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Fatty liver: The liver is the largest digestive organ in the human body and contains many enzymes for fat metabolism. Fat in the blood is transported by apolipoproteins to the liver for metabolism and use by the body. When the blood fat is too high, it exceeds the liver’s compensatory capacity, and a large amount of fat will be deposited in the liver, forming fatty liver, which will further damage the liver cells and cause liver cirrhosis. Increased blood viscosity: As high blood fat will cause the increase of celiac particles in the blood, it will lead to the increase of blood viscosity, slow down the blood flow rate, it is easy to block the small blood vessels, which is a high-risk factor for the formation of blood clots. 2, the formation of common causes of hyperlipidemia Dietary unscientific: most of the people suffering from hyperlipidemia have long-term dietary unscientific, specifically manifested as a sweet tooth, overeating, eating irregularly, eating too much fat and cholesterol-containing meat, eggs, food, partiality, etc., so that the caloric intake is more than the consumption. Irregular life: Many patients live an irregular life, like to go to bed late and get up late, and eat uncontrolled, which can easily cause hyperdigestion and hyperabsorption. In addition, reduced physical activity can also cause overnutrition and hyperlipidemia. Suffering from certain metabolic diseases: such as obesity, diabetes, genetic diseases and so on. Due to the lack of certain metabolic enzymes or because of the high level of certain hormones, it can also trigger the increase of blood lipids. 3, the prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia hyperlipidemia and diabetes, fatty liver and so on together had been regarded as “urban modern disease”, that is, is by the work of brain power, office automation, transportation modernization, nutritional imbalance caused by a combination of factors. Therefore, to treat the disease to treat the root cause, that is, from the source of prevention and treatment will be effective, the main points are as follows: (1) reasonable intake of calories, to ensure nutritional balance Normal adults need 25 ~ 30 per day at rest, do light physical activity 30 ~ 35, moderate physical activity 35 ~ 40, heavy physical activity more than 40 kcal / kg body weight of calories. According to 60 kilograms, the daily calorie requirement is 1500-1800, 1800-2100, 2100-2400 and 2400 kcal or more respectively. Therefore, according to the above estimate of their own eating calories, if folded into the proportion of nutrients, should be 50 to 70 grams of protein daily needs, 40 to 60 grams of fat, accounting for about 1/3 of the day’s calories, and the remaining 2/3 of the carbohydrate staple food for eating (200 to 300 grams). In addition to supplement the appropriate amount of fruits, vegetables, vitamins and trace elements, you can ensure the nutritional requirements. For those with hyperlipidemia, the daily calorie intake should be slightly lower than normal, and the fat intake should be appropriately reduced (specific calculations can be found in the Appendix). (2) Establish a scientific lifestyle and actively participate in exercise For those who sit in the office for a long period of time or who mainly use their brains, they should establish good living habits, take rest on a regular basis, get up on time, have meals on a regular basis, and combine work and rest. Actively participate in physical exercise, especially promote walking, jogging, swimming, aerobic exercise such as bodybuilding, can effectively consume excess fat in the body, and can enhance physical fitness. (3) Regular medical checkups are the best way to keep an eye on your health. Regular medical checkups can help you understand the changes in your body and enable you to target early treatment of certain diseases. Indicators related to hyperlipidemia and their clinical significance are shown in Exhibit 3 for readers’ reference during medical checkups. (4) Drug therapy Drug therapy is necessary when chronic hyperlipidemia is present, or when it is accompanied by fatty liver, increased transaminases, or when dietary control alone is ineffective. Commonly used clinical drugs are: Fenofibrate, effective in lowering cholesterol and triglyceride, generally 0.2 once a day, sometimes rebound after stopping the drug. Lovastatin, is internationally recognized as a better cholesterol-lowering drug, 20 mg once or twice a day. But the latest generation of atorvastatin has the effect of lowering cholesterol and triglyceride, and at the same time, there is also to reduce the role of atherosclerotic plaque, 20mg once a day. Vitamin E nicotinic acid ester, has a certain effect of lowering fat and expanding blood vessels, commonly used 0.1 three times a day. Glycineurinase, has the effect of lowering cholesterol and activating protein lipase, 0.15 three times a day. In addition, there are also lipid-lowering spirit, blood lipid Kang, Lipitor and other drugs to choose from.