Measurement of muscle tone in children

  The motor impairment in children with cerebral palsy is caused by uncoordinated muscle contraction after brain injury, so muscle strength measurement is generally not appropriate and muscle tone measurement is used instead. Muscle tone measurement can be used to understand the degree of uncontrolled uncoordinated muscle contraction.  The measurement methods are as follows: 1, hold By holding the baby’s hand, you can initially understand the child’s muscle tone. If the muscle tone is low, it will be difficult to pick up the baby, such as noodle-like feeling, sinking feeling, and the baby will easily slip from the hands of the picker. In the case of children with high muscle tone, there will be a sense of tonicity and resistance when picking up, such as the feeling of holding a stick.  2. Posture observation If a normal infant over 3 months old is placed in the supine position, he will lie down naturally and keep moving against the weight of the limbs, maintaining a certain position and posture freely. In contrast, a child with floppy palsy with low muscle tone, if placed in the supine position, will often have the upper and lower limbs flexed and abducted, lacking active movement. When a child with high muscle tone is placed in the supine position, he or she often has an abnormal asymmetrical posture, and the active movements are reduced and seem to be very rigid. The higher the muscle tone, the less the active movement.  3, touch test can be done by touching the muscles of the upper and lower limbs of the child to feel the tension of the muscle tissue. If the child’s muscle tone is low, the hand feels soft and loose, and there is less resistance to finger pressure. If the muscle tone is normal, the hand feels soft and moderate, firm and elastic when touched. If the muscle tone is high, then the hand feels tense and has a relatively strong resistance to finger pressure.  4.Passive movement test The child’s limbs for passive flexion and extension movement, such as low muscle tone, will feel heavy, no resistance, the limbs have no self-control ability. If the muscle tone is high, the tester will feel obvious resistance, and this resistance is often greater at the beginning of the movement than at the end of the movement. The limb with normal muscle tone can make both resistance and synergy when doing passive movement, and within a certain range, there is self-control, and the tester’s hand feels neither as heavy as the limb with low muscle tone, nor as great resistance as the limb with high muscle tone.