Diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders: Sleep disorders can be caused by a variety of reasons, including underlying physical illnesses, and insufficient sleep duration and depth, circadian sleep rhythm disorders, and poor physical recovery. Most adults today suffer from sleep deprivation, with a high prevalence worldwide, especially in China, and can occur in women during pregnancy and postpartum, in young people in the workplace, and in middle-aged and elderly patients, but the proportion of consultations and treatments is indeed low. Mild insomnia has little impact on the quality of life; moderate insomnia can affect the quality of life, accompanied by mild anxiety, depression, fatigue, and emotional instability; severe insomnia can have a serious impact on the quality of life, accompanied by significant anxiety, tension, fatigue, and irritability. Clinical assessment and diagnosis of insomnia: The first step is to understand whether the patient has potential factors that cause insomnia, including stressful life events, the level of mental stress, the presence of mood disorders, emotional anxiety, decreased memory function, and the negative impact of insomnia on the patient’s work, study, and body. Insomnia is the only clinical symptom, including difficulty falling asleep, light sleep, dreaminess, waking up easily, difficulty falling back to sleep after waking up, fatigue, decreased energy, decreased interest, excessive worry about the consequences of insomnia, and a sense of distress. Insomnia can be diagnosed when it occurs at least three times a week and lasts for more than one month. Treatment principles: First of all, we should help patients to establish healthy sleep habits, especially acute insomnia patients should be treated early, to improve the patient’s quality of life and the recovery of social function are of vital importance. Treatment goals: improve sleep effect, relieve insomnia symptoms, minimize sleep latency, rapidly induce sleep, reduce the number of nighttime awakenings, and extend total sleep time. To reduce or eliminate the risk of insomnia-related somatic disorders and to provide appropriate sleep health information counseling. Nearly one-third of insomnia patients are chronic insomniacs and require long-term treatment. If insomnia does require the selection of different medications, try to individualize the medication during treatment, with the minimum dose of the highest efficacy, and use the medication as needed. Try to avoid the negative effects brought about in the process of drug treatment, not to affect the memory function, no residual effects, no dependence, no withdrawal effects.