Oral and maxillofacial trauma or tumor resection, especially malignant tumors or some benign tumors in the “radical” resection, often cause oral and maxillofacial soft tissue or bone tissue defects, if not given repair, not only affect the patient’s appearance and the appearance of the organs, but also seriously affect their physiological functions, such as chewing, swallowing, speech, etc., to the patient’s future life is a great inconvenience and mental trauma. This will bring great inconvenience and mental trauma to the patients in their future life. Therefore, the repair of postoperative defects of oral and maxillofacial tumors is an important part of oral and maxillofacial tumor treatment. According to Prof. Sun Shuzheng from the Department of Oral Surgery of Shandong Provincial Hospital, in the past 20 years, with the continuous development of medicine, in addition to the traditional repair methods in the past, the application of microsurgical techniques and the continuous emergence of various types of tissue flaps have led to breakthroughs in repairing postoperative defects of oral and maxillofacial tumors. In the past, due to the backward means of restoration, it not only limited the scope of surgical treatment of oral and maxillofacial tumors, but also sometimes, in order to take into account the appearance and function of the patient’s oral and maxillofacial region, the scope of tumor resection was often too conservative, and those who were afraid to cut were not cut, which often made the tumor incompletely cleared, and finally led to recurrence. With the development of microsurgery technology and the wide application of various tissue flap transplantation and other new technologies and methods, the indications for surgical treatment of oral and maxillofacial tumors have not only been expanded, but also the appearance of the patient and the shape and function of the organs can be restored to the maximum extent, which relatively improves the cure rate of the tumors and the ability of the patients to survive. Next, Prof. Sun talked about the repair methods of oral and maxillofacial defects, such as free skin grafting, flap grafting, bone grafting, etc. He focused on tissue flap grafting. Tissue flap transplantation of all shapes and sizes “What to move, from which place to move, and how much to transplant are all anatomically studied”, Prof. Sun began his introduction, “such as the vascular direction of the tissue flap to be transplanted, which part of the muscle to be nourished, and how big a piece of the tissue flap can be transplanted, all these have a recognized design criterion that the appropriate tissue flap should be selected according to the defect site.” He went on to give the example of relatively shallow and large defective wounds such as the tongue, floor of the mouth, and buccal mucosa, which should be repaired with either a frontal flap or a forearm flap. This is due to the superficial location of the frontal flap and the fact that it is very rich in blood vessels. More importantly, the frontal region is very close to the oral and maxillofacial region, so the blood vessels on the frontal flap do not need to be cut off, and thus the survival rate of the graft is very high. Moreover, the upper frontal flap is thin and plastic, so it is very suitable for large defects. For example, tongue reconstruction after excision of malignant tumors of the tongue root and tongue body, reconstruction after excision of malignant tumors of the soft palate, reconstruction of malignant tumors of the posterior mandible with invasion of the surrounding soft tissues, reconstruction of periorbital, nasal, and cranial base defects, and so on, all of them can be transplanted with the forehead flap. Prof. Sun also talked about the shortcomings of frontal flap transplantation, that is, if the skin on the forehead is removed, it will also leave scars, and another skin has to be transplanted to replace it. Moreover, the flap is thin and is not satisfactory for deep and large wounds. After talking about the forehead flap and then talk about the forearm flap, it is taken from the skin on the small arm, this part of the flap and forehead flap, shallow position, and soft, easy to modeling and folding, subcutaneous fat and less, strong resistance to infection, high survival rate, thus also meet the forehead flap revision of the adapted cases. Moreover, the flap does not affect the function of the arm and the scar is hidden, which is easy to be accepted by the patients. Prof. Sun also talked about myocutaneous flap. The above two tissue flaps are skin flaps, in the repair of some thin, soft, less muscular tissue is very good, but for deep and large wounds will not be able to do, then the use of myocutaneous flap. There are two main types of myocutaneous flaps: the pectoralis major myocutaneous flap and the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap. Because it can be transplanted together with the ribs, it can be used to repair both hard and soft tissue defects (e.g., maxillary defects). The latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap is particularly suitable for female patients because it does not destroy the mammary glands. However, myocutaneous flaps are also unsuitable for repairing areas of thin tissue, as they can be excessive and bulky, which can interfere with normal function. There is another type of tissue flap called the iliopsoas-muscle flap or iliopsoas-muscle-skin flap. This graft is a little more complicated than the first two. This is because it is a bone, muscle and skin graft together. Its advantages are that the area that can be repaired is large, and the shape of the ilium bone is similar to the mandible, and the skin it carries is moderately thick and thin, and its texture is soft, so it is very suitable for the repair of intraoral and extraoral soft-tissue defects, such as the restoration of mandibular defects. After talking about the transplantation of these tissue flaps in depth, Prof. Sun pointed out that the tissue flaps can be transplanted individually, or a variety of tissue flaps can be transplanted jointly to repair larger traumas (such as buccal penetrating defects), as long as the reasonable choice, with the use of a variety of oral and maxillofacial defects can be satisfied with the needs of the effect of the “good face”.