Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired autoimmune disease, which used to be called “immune thrombocytopenic purpura” and “idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura”, which can occur at any age and is mainly characterized by persistent reduction in platelet The clinical manifestations are spontaneous bleeding from skin and mucous membranes, internal bleeding, and even intracranial bleeding, which seriously affect human health. The new standard of care is that for newly diagnosed adult ITP,
Platelet count >30×109/L does not need to be treated, and close observation is sufficient, because the disadvantages of treatment outweigh the benefits. Those with platelet counts <30×109/L should be treated. First-line treatment should be long-course corticosteroid therapy; splenectomy should be performed in patients who have failed after initial corticosteroid therapy or who have relapsed; thrombopoietin agonists should be used in patients who have relapsed after splenectomy or who have contraindications to splenectomy and in patients in whom at least one other treatment has failed and who are at risk of bleeding; rituximab can be considered if the above is not effective. How can immune thrombocytopenia be prevented? Children's immune system is not yet well developed and is vulnerable to viruses, such as influenza virus, rubella virus, food additives and preservatives contained in small foods that children and young people like to eat, all of which can easily cause disruption of the body's immune function and lead to the production of their own anti-platelet antibodies and consequent morbidity. Therefore, to prevent thrombocytopenia, we must exercise, strengthen our body, and eat less food containing additives and preservatives. In addition, it is important to avoid damage from toxic or radioactive substances, minimize the number of diagnostic radiological treatments, and have regular blood tests so that prevention is better than cure.