The fallopian tubes function to take in eggs, transport sperm and early embryos, and are the site of normal fertilization. Since the 1980s, the emancipation of sexuality has led to multiple abortions, repeated uterine and pelvic infections, and the rapid global spread of sexually transmitted diseases, especially pathogens and gonorrhea, resulting in an increase in tubal infections and tubal obstruction, and tubal factors have become the primary cause of infertility. Infertility caused by tubal factors refers to infertility caused by structural and functional abnormalities of the fallopian tubes, including tubal inflammation, endometriosis, various surgeries that may affect the fallopian tubes, the influence of lesions around the fallopian tubes, and abnormal development of the fallopian tubes, among which tubal inflammation infertility is the most common cause. It can be caused by untimely or incomplete treatment of acute tubal infection resulting in tubal mucosal adhesions or pelvic inflammatory disease, or by local formation of foci in the vulvovaginal epithelium and/or endometrium resulting in upstream infection and formation of chronic tubal infection and blockage of the fallopian tubes. It may be associated with increased rates of pathogens such as gonococcus, Chlamydia trachomatis and mycoplasma in the reproductive tract, premarital sex, increased unclean sexual practices, and multiple abortions and pelvic-uterine surgical operations. There is also a certain incidence of tuberculous tubal occlusion due to incomplete treatment of pelvic tuberculosis in young children or adolescents. It is noteworthy that some patients have no previous history of significant pelvic genital tract infection, indicating that the cause of tubal pathology is not only inflammatory, but also non-inflammatory disease is gradually increasing. Who needs tubal screening? Because tubal examination is a relatively invasive test, whether it is necessary needs to be fully discussed with the doctor. 1.Preparation for pregnancy for more than one year, normal ovulation function and normal male partner. 2.Patients who have had multiple abortions to clear the uterus or spontaneous abortions and have been trying to conceive for more than six months without any other etiology. 3.History of abdominal and pelvic surgery, including appendectomy, cesarean operation, and history of acute pelvic inflammatory disease onset. 4, as deemed necessary by the doctor. How to check the fallopian tubes? 3-7 days after menstruation, abstain from sexual intercourse, check the leukorrhea and take suitable tubal examination methods as recommended by the doctor. 1. Tubal lavage: Using drugs and saline to inject into the uterine cavity from the cervix and then flow into the fallopian tubes from the uterine cavity. The degree of patency of the fallopian tubes is judged by whether the patient feels pain, the amount of resistance felt by the operator and the regurgitation of fluid. Because of the advantages of simple equipment, easy operation and low price, this method was commonly used before the 1980s. However, due to the influence of subjective factors and the inability to determine the location of tubal blockage, the tension during the examination can lead to tubal spasm, resulting in false positives, and it is less often used as the first choice test for diagnosis in clinical practice. 2.Ultrasound-guided tubal lavage: observing whether the fallopian tubes are patent under ultrasound, which is more intuitive than traditional tubal lavage and without the radiation of imaging. 3.Hysterosalpingography (HSG): a more common clinical tool to assess the degree of patency of the fallopian tubes and to observe the morphology of the uterine cavity, with an accuracy rate of about 70-80%. It can detect tubal occlusion, tubal motor function, mucosal damage caused by previous infection or tubal endometriosis, tubal effusion, tubal isthmus nodules, adhesions and tubal abnormalities. It is a quick, economical and less risky test. the sensitivity of HSG for tubal occlusion and adhesions is 65%, but pain-induced tubal spasm can cause false positives, while pain, infection and invasion of contrast agent into the vascular system are rare complications. 4.Hysteroscopy: performed under anesthesia, the degree of patency of the fallopian tubes can be seen directly under laparoscopic surveillance, while lesions of the pelvic organs can be observed and treated under laparoscopy, which is the gold standard of female infertility examination. Through hysteroscopy, the cervical canal and uterine cavity and the opening of bilateral fallopian tubes are examined; at the same time, tubal lavage is performed under direct hysteroscopic surveillance, and the outflow of melanoma can be observed through laparoscopy to determine whether the fallopian tubes are patent. Insertion of tubal lavage under hysteroscopy has a therapeutic effect on the patency of the fallopian tubes. Combined with laparoscopy, it can diagnose and treat various uterine abnormalities and fallopian tube abnormalities. Since hysteroscopy is performed under general anesthesia, tubal relaxation is good and false positives are reduced compared to fluids and angiography. However, it requires general anesthesia and surgical treatment and is not commonly used at present. It is only used for patients whose tubal lavage or imaging suggests abnormalities in the fallopian tubes. How to diagnose the fallopian tubes? In foreign countries, the diagnosis of tubal examination only reports patency or obstruction, while in China, the patency of the fallopian tubes is classified as patency, patency but not patency, patency but not patency, patency but very poor patency, and non-patency. There is a lack of medical evidence that such a classification is meaningful in predicting the probability of natural pregnancy, except for complete bilateral obstruction of the fallopian tubes, that is, there is no evidence that the rate of natural pregnancy is lower with patency and poor patency than with patency and poor patency. Therefore, we believe that the determination of tubal patency should not only be based on a careful reading of the film but also on the patient’s medical history, which directly affects the development of the subsequent treatment plan. This is why some patients who have not conceived after repeated in vitro fertilization in some hospitals due to tubal factors, have given up treatment and become pregnant naturally or after re-infertilization. There are various means such as interventional, surgical and Chinese herbal medicine, etc. It is important to fully communicate with a trusted doctor and carefully choose a treatment plan to get a reasonable treatment on the one hand, and to avoid repeated physical and psychological injuries caused by unreasonable treatment on the other.