Diagnosis of thoracic spondylolisthesis relies on history, symptoms, and examination, and treatment includes physical therapy and medication. The diagnosis of thoracic spondylolisthesis is based on medical history, symptoms and examination results. If there is a history of long-term improper posture, combined with chronic injury or radiating pain in the back muscles, the presence of vertebral fat pressing pain on physical examination, and some of them may have subtle imaging changes on X-ray, the diagnosis can be made. Treatment mainly includes physical therapy and drug therapy, physical therapy to massage, microwave therapy, etc., symptomatic relief of local pain manifestations, drug therapy to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen as well as topical losoprofenac gel paste for symptomatic pain treatment, but the choice of treatment options to the doctor’s recommendations shall prevail. Medications should be used in accordance with medical advice.