Congenital heart disease (congenital heart disease) refers to structural and functional abnormalities of the heart and blood vessels that are formed congenitally and present at birth in the affected child, and is a cardiovascular malformation in which the development of cardiovascular tissue is abnormal due to various causes during embryonic development. Then, any factors that affect the development of cardiovascular tissue during the embryonic period, i.e. the cardiovascular development stage (8 weeks before embryo formation, also refers to the first 3 months of pregnancy) may be the cause of the formation of precocious heart disease, which can be divided into three main aspects: intrinsic factors, i.e. genetic factors; extrinsic factors, i.e. environmental factors including infections, physical and chemical factors; and maternal factors, such as advanced age, diabetes during pregnancy, and other conditions. WHO divided the prevention project of precocious heart disease into three levels, primary prevention: take various effective measures during pregnancy to avoid risk factors that may lead to precocious heart disease; secondary prevention: prenatal screening, if necessary, choose to terminate pregnancy, to reduce the occurrence of complex and critical precocious heart; tertiary prevention: early diagnosis and early treatment of children born with precocious heart, to improve the quality of survival. The so-called primary prevention means to prevent the occurrence of precocious heart disease. Firstly, parents who are preparing to get pregnant should quit smoking and drinking; secondly, they should do pre-pregnancy check-ups, screen for diabetes and phenylketonuria, develop a reasonable treatment plan before pregnancy, and consider pregnancy after the condition is controlled; one more point to note is that TORCH tests should be conducted before pregnancy, and for those who are positive for viral antibodies need to postpone their pregnancy plan to avoid possible acute viral infection stage, as well as antiviral treatment; meanwhile, the In addition, it is important to avoid exposure to various chemical agents and radiation contamination during the preparation and early stages of pregnancy; and to choose the best age for childbirth and avoid having children at an advanced age. For couples with a family history of multiple patients with precocious heart disease or other genetic diseases, pregnant women who have had unexplained miscarriages, stillbirths or malformed children, pregnant women with a history of viral infections in early pregnancy, pregnant women with combined diabetes and pregnant women who have had a history of exposure to risk factors, genetic counseling or fetal heart ultrasound should be performed before delivery, and if necessary, termination of pregnancy can be chosen. The significance of prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease is to make pregnant women and their families accept the fact emotionally and be fully prepared, and if necessary, choose hospitals with pediatric heart center wards or hospitals with conditions for pediatric heart surgery, so that newborns with congenital heart disease can receive timely and effective intervention and treatment, and improve the survival rate and quality of life of children with congenital heart disease. The survival rate and quality of life of children with precocious heart disease will be improved.