In human life, there are various reasons that cause diseases in various joints of the human body, such as causing joint pain and dysfunction. The hip joint is one of the more commonly affected joints. Joint pain, walking difficulties, and even loss of life ability. Artificial total hip replacement brings a good news to these patients. After the total hip replacement surgery, the joint pain disappears and the joint function is restored. What is a total hip joint made of? Who needs a total hip replacement? And how long can the prosthesis be used after total hip replacement? 1.What is the artificial total hip joint made of? Artificial total hip joint is generally made of non-toxic metal (cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy or titanium alloy) and ultra-high polymer polyethylene (plastic) according to the anatomical characteristics of the human body joints, imitating the functional design of the joints are only manufactured. Implanted into the body, play the role of the original hip joint. 2.What kind of diseases need to perform artificial total hip replacement? Because of various reasons caused by severe pain and activity limitation of the hip joint. Patients whose life and work are affected should consider total hip replacement. Common diseases include rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, advanced aseptic necrosis of the femoral head and femoral neck fracture in the elderly, congenital acetabular dysplasia, secondary hip arthritis and so on. 3.How to perform artificial total hip replacement surgery? After preoperative examinations, it is determined that the patient can undergo surgery. After the patient is under anesthesia, the surgeon opens the diseased joint, removes the diseased femoral head, and selects a metal stem suitable for the size of the patient’s femoral bone marrow cavity to be embedded in the femur. At the same time, the damaged socket is trimmed and polished, and the socket is reconstructed with a special tool and embedded in an artificial socket. Then choose a suitable artificial head to be embedded in the neck, and after the head is reset, a painless and well-moving artificial total hip joint can be obtained. 4.How is the artificial total hip joint fixed in the body? A kind of non-toxic adhesive is used to stick the artificial joint prosthesis in the bone. It is only suitable for patients with high age (more than 70 years old) and osteoporosis. The advantage is that the patient can do weight-bearing activities with crutches immediately after surgery. The disadvantage is that after a few years, some patients experience bone destruction, causing the prosthesis to loosen and making reoperation difficult. Biological fixation is currently advocated. The surface of the artificial prosthesis is specially treated to contact with the bone so that the bone tissue can grow together with the prosthesis to achieve a stable fixation. Advantages are less bone destruction and convenient for reoperation. The disadvantage is that the weight bearing time is late, about 6 weeks later. This method is suitable for young patients. 5, Complications after artificial total hip arthroplasty. Nerve injury The sciatic nerve and common peroneal nerve are the peripheral nerves most likely to be injured in artificial hip arthroplasty, and most of them appear in 1-3 days after the operation. It is mainly caused by improper placement of the lower limb, extension of the lower limb and subgluteal hematoma, resulting in movement disorder and skin sensory changes. If it occurs, all dressings should be removed, the knee should be flexed 20-30 degrees, the ankle joint should be neutralized, and passive dorsiflexion of the ankle joint should be practiced to avoid secondary foot drop deformity. Hematoma hematoma can cause bone healing obstacles and increase the chance of infection, mostly in elderly patients and patients with more joint activity 48-72 hours after surgery. If the hematoma continues to increase in size, skin tension increases, and local pain is severe, it should be braked in time to alleviate the symptoms, and if necessary, it should be incised and drained or vascular ligation should be performed. Pain Pain is the most common symptom after surgery, and in severe cases, it can affect the normal recovery of hip joint function. For those with severe pain within 1-2 days after surgery, the dose of pain medication can be increased appropriately or an analgesic pump can be used (intravenous analgesic pump or epidural analgesic pump) ③ Unequal length of lower limbs The phenomenon of unequal length of both lower limbs is very common after surgery, and the main manifestation is the prolongation of limbs on the side of the operation. In general, the permitted error is about 25px, which will not affect the postoperative walking. In special cases, a difference of 1.5-50px may occur, which may cause claudication, secondary lumbosacral pain and sciatic nerve palsy. The vast majority of patients with unequal length of both lower limbs do not need special treatment. With the prolongation of time, many patients will gradually adapt to the feeling, and the heel height can be adjusted if necessary. 6.How many years can the joint prosthesis be used after total hip replacement? Surgical technique is the critical first step. A professional and skilled surgeon will accurately fit the prosthesis into the body that is suitable for the size of the patient’s bone marrow cavity. The second step is to choose a prosthesis that is acceptable and suitable for the patient’s bone quality. Thirdly, the patient should learn to use and protect the prosthesis after surgery. After all, the prosthesis is artificial, and the degree of wear and tear of the prosthesis is closely related to the way you use it. The above 3 factors if you can grasp the current clinical follow-up more than 20 years is no problem. Therefore, it can be said that there is no need for reoperation for the elderly over 60 years old, while for young patients are likely to receive a second chance of surgery.