In cardiovascular medicine, there are four main categories of drugs commonly used to control heart rate, with common classification methods. The first category is membrane inhibitors, which mainly reduce the permeability of Na+ in cardiac myocytes. According to their duration of action, they can be divided into 3 categories, A, B and C. Representative drugs include quinidine, procainamide, lidocaine and propafenone. The second category is for beta-blockers, which mainly exert the effect of slowing down the heart rate by reducing or blocking the action of sympathetic nerves on the heart, and the representative drugs are metoprolol succinate, bisoprolol, etc. The main mechanism of the third group of drugs is to prolong the repolarization time and action potential by blocking Na+ transport across the membrane, and the main representative drugs are sotalol and amiodarone. The last group of drugs is non-dihydropyridine Ca+2 antagonists, which antagonize intracellular Ca+2 transport across the membrane, thereby reducing conduction velocity and prolonging the effective induction period. Anti-arrhythmic drugs can affect heart rate changes, but they can also cause arrhythmias, so they should be used under the guidance of a cardiovascular physician.