Osteoarthritis (OA), also known as osteoarthritis, osteoarthrosis, chondrodysplastic arthropathy, and proliferative arthropathy, is a chronic progressive disease characterized by focal degeneration of articular cartilage, formation of bony redundancies at the joint edges, joint deformities, and subchondral bone sclerosis. The ankle joint is one of the most prevalent sites of osteoarthritis. The causes include: 1. Chronic strain injury: it occurs in certain special occupations, such as soccer, weightlifting, gymnastics, skiing and other athletes who mainly play lower limb sports; heavy manual laborers such as porters. Its pathogenesis may be related to the repeated hyperextension of the ankle joint is the impact of the joint surface of the anterior tibial edge with the talus. 2 Repeated sprains of the ankle joint, joint trauma. 3. Excessive weight overloads the ankle joint. 4. Secondary to poorly repositioned or untimely dislocation of the ankle joint fracture. 5.Subsequent to ankle joint degeneration due to lack of physiological pressure stimulating cartilage lack of nutrition after injury or disease or too long fixation and insufficient functional exercise. 6.Deformed healing of lower limb fractures or developmental deformities. The pathological changes of ankle osteoarthritis include: articular cartilage damage degeneration synovitis bone labrum osteomalacia hyperplasia periarticular tendon tenosynovitis. Symptoms: predominantly painful: post-exercise pain, motion pain, rest pain. Restriction of movement: restriction of flexion and extension is progressively worse. If in advanced stages joint interlocking may occur due to the presence of joint rats. In some patients, hyperplastic osteochondritis can be palpated at the anterior border of the ankle joint on examination, and can be seen on X-RAY films. Treatment: Non-surgical treatment: Non-surgical treatment is aimed at eliminating or reducing pain, improving joint movement, increasing joint stability, and preventing deformities. During the acute phase, adequate rest and braking are the first choice of treatment, and light joint motion without weight bearing is also necessary. The use of canes, axillary canes can significantly reduce the load of weight on the joint, but must be used under the guidance of a professional foot and ankle surgeon. Muscle strengthening exercises for the muscles around the joint can significantly improve muscle strength and balance the muscles of the affected joint. The use of physical therapy, wet and hot compresses, and massage are positive and effective in our extensive clinical observations. The use of drugs is also one of the main means of conservative treatment, such as anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs: phenylbutazone, indometacin, fotarine, etc. Cyclooxygenase inhibitors are newly developed and still in the process of development in recent years, which have a good analgesic effect. Intra-articular injectable drugs that protect joint cartilage and stimulate cartilage repair, such as sodium vitaminate injection, are quite popular in clinical use and are one of the required drugs for the treatment of osteoarthritis by most doctors in China. Although the effectiveness of glucocorticoids in the treatment of osteoarthritis is very clear, their side effects cannot be disregarded. Surgical treatment: It is suitable for patients with osteoarthritis in the middle and late stages. Such as microfracture surgery, mosaic surgery, ankle arthroscopic ankle cleanup, bone removal, ankle fusion, and artificial ankle joint replacement. Although some international scholars have reported the use of techniques such as implantation of growth factors and human blood stem cell transplantation for the treatment of osteoarthritis, their real clinical results need to keep our attention for a long time.