Every day in the outpatient clinic, we meet many parents who come for checkups. When they are told that their children’s teeth have cavities and need to be treated, they all have a surprised look on their faces: “Aren’t these teeth going to be replaced? Why do they still need to be filled?” What I want to say is that the milk teeth play an important role in the growth and development of children, when the permanent teeth have not yet erupted, it is an important organ for children to chew food, and when the permanent teeth are replaced, it plays an important role in guiding the formation of permanent teeth, once the milk teeth are decayed, it has an important impact on the future growth and development and psychology of children! If it develops to pulpitis (dental nerve), it will cause severe pain, seriously hinder children’s eating and sleeping, affect children’s intake of sufficient nutrition from food, and thus affect children’s growth and development. If the inflammation of the periapical tissues continues deeper, it will lead to gum abscesses and swelling of the oral and maxillofacial tissues, and in severe cases, cellulitis of the maxillofacial tissues. What’s more, the embryo of permanent teeth is located under the root of the milk teeth, once the infection is serious, the embryo of permanent teeth will be affected, which will lead to its abnormal shape or abnormal development. When the milk teeth are severely decayed and lost prematurely, the teeth on the two adjacent sides will shift to the gap, thus narrowing the gap and causing the permanent teeth behind to have insufficient space for eruption, thus causing the permanent teeth to erupt in the wrong position or unable to erupt, resulting in the crowded malformation of the teeth. The development of jaw bone and face in childhood needs the stimulation of chewing function, when the decay of milk teeth affects the chewing of children, the jaw bone will be underdeveloped due to the loss of normal physiological stimulation, thus causing the misalignment of permanent teeth. When one side of teeth is decayed, children often chew only on the other side due to pain and discomfort, and long-term unilateral chewing will lead to asymmetry of facial development. Caries in childhood can also cause chronic focal infections, associated with low fever, rheumatoid arthritis, nephritis, etc. Caries in front teeth can also affect children’s pronunciation and mental health. In short, the milk teeth play a vital role in the growth and development of children, parents should pay enough attention to do early prevention, early detection and early treatment! Don’t delay your child because of your negligence!