The process by which the venous vessels of the body circulation transport blood flow back to the right atrium. The venous system of the body circulation has a large blood volume, accounting for more than half of the total blood volume. Veins are easily dilated and contracted, and therefore act as a blood storage stock. The contraction and diastole of the veins effectively regulate the volume of blood returned to the heart and cardiac output, allowing the circulatory function to adapt to the needs of the body during various physiological states. The basic force of venous return is the pressure difference between the small veins (also known as peripheral veins) and the vena cava or right atrium (also known as central veins). An increase in pressure in the small veins or a decrease in pressure in the vena cava facilitates venous return. Because of the thin venous walls and low venous pressure, venous return is also influenced by external forces such as muscle contraction, respiratory movements, gravity, etc. When these factors impede venous return, the body will show various manifestations. Long-term impairment of orbital venous return can also lead to open-angle glaucoma, with loss of visual acuity and visual field defects. How to check for orbital venous reflux disorders? Patients have a good bilateral onset with protruding eyeballs, typical eyelid signs such as receding eyelids and late upper lid drop, and restricted eye movement disorders (history of thyroid disorder is for reference only). Even if the thyroid gland is normal, a diagnosis of thyroid-related ophthalmopathy can still be made if the above-mentioned signs are present, and thyroid function should be closely tested. In the minority of patients with thyroid-related ophthalmopathy who present with ptosis, the combination of myasthenia gravis should be examined; both are immune disorders that can occur concomitantly, and both glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants are effective for both. Ultrasonography, CT scan, and MRI can confirm the diagnosis of the disease. Early in the course of the disease, alpha-adrenergic tone is increased, causing excitation of the upper and lower eyelid Müller muscles and eyelid retraction. The adrenergic blocker guanethidine sulfate ophthalmic solution produces a chemical sympathectomy effect and relieves eyelid regression. Local radiation therapy can be tried for those who are insensitive to drug therapy, have a dramatic loss of vision, or whose systemic condition does not tolerate drug therapy. Complications of radiotherapy include radiation cataracts, retinopathy and carcinogenic risk, and in a few patients, radiotherapy can aggravate the disease.