One of the most common disorders of thrombocytosis is primary thrombocythemia, a myeloproliferative disease and a clonal neoplastic disease of hematopoietic stem cells. Generally primary thrombocythemia has little impact on a person’s life expectancy, and if it is well controlled and there are no serious complications, the patient’s life expectancy is not significantly different from the norm. However, if the disease is poorly controlled, for example, if the patient does not take the medication on time, this is when thrombotic or embolic disease may occur, which can be life-threatening in severe cases, and the patient’s life expectancy may be shortened. Also, for patients with primary thrombocythemia, about 10% of patients with a history of more than 10 years may turn into myelofibrosis or acute leukemia, and once they turn into acute leukemia, the patient’s survival period is usually no more than six months. Therefore, platelet hyperplasia has little effect on most patients, but there are still a small number of patients whose life expectancy will be affected.