The American Diabetes Association states that people with diabetes are more likely than normal to have a heart attack or stroke, essentially twice as much or more than non-diabetics. As diabetes progresses, macrovascular complications such as coronary atherosclerosis, cerebral infarction, and the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in the lower extremities can occur, so there is a link between diabetes and the development of coronary heart disease, as well as the development of stroke. Investigation shows that 2 out of 3 diabetic patients will eventually die of heart disease or stroke, which is also known as cardiovascular disease. Therefore, good control of blood sugar can better prevent the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases and improve the quality of life of diabetic patients. Hyperglycemia is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in diabetic patients is two to four times higher than that in those with phenotypic diabetes. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease is the main health threat for diabetic patients. The medical expenses required for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases occupy the most significant part of the medical expenses for diabetes. Patients with diabetes not only have a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular disease, but also tend to have more severe lesions, more extensive involvement, and a worse prognosis once an event occurs. When autonomic neuropathy is present, angina pectoris or myocardial infarction can be painless when it occurs, and physical examination is difficult to detect ischemic heart disease. Thus, a high level of vigilance for cardiovascular lesions should always be maintained.