Most patients with herniated lumbar discs have satisfactory results with disappearance or significant relief of symptoms after surgery. This is the result that our physicians and patients hope for. However, there are some patients who develop symptoms again after a period of time. Perhaps aggravated. There are many reasons for this. Sometimes the patient does not understand, causing tension or some misunderstanding between the doctor and the patient. According to some of my clinical experience, the complications arising after surgery are mainly as follows. 1, postoperative hematoma compressing nerve root. 2, poor drainage. 3.scar compression. 4, Nerve root pulling too heavily during surgery. 5, The intervertebral disc was not cut cleanly. Residual. 6, Mis-cutting of the intervertebral disc. 7.Infection of the intervertebral space. 8.The vertebral body is loose and unstable. 9.Nerve root edema. 10.Nerve root adhesions. 11, Incomplete root canal decompression. 12, Other. According to the literature, postoperative complications are about 4-6%, and what I said are for physicians who are new to orthopedics and have little experience. Some of them can be avoided, such as looking at the film carefully before surgery, operating more gently, discussing the case carefully before surgery, formulating the surgical plan, asking the superior physician to guide the surgery, etc. Careful post-operative care of the patient. We believe that the surgery will be successful. Of course, there are also patient’s factors, such as going down too early after surgery, weight bearing too early, short time with lumbar girth, less lumbar muscle exercise, lumbar accident in injury, doing heavy physical work, etc., are also the reasons for poor surgical results. That is why it is important to explain to the patient the intraoperative and postoperative situation. Communication is also very important.