Tubular atrophic lesion, or focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), is a common primary glomerular disease in children and adults with nephrotic syndrome (NS). It is characterized histopathologically by segmental glomerular scarring with or without intra-glomerular capillary foam cell formation and adhesions. Focal means that only part of the glomerulus is involved (50% of the glomerulus is involved); segmental means that part of the glomerular lobules are involved; and glomerulosclerosis means staged glassy changes or scarring of the entire glomerulus. Pathological features are mostly associated with tubular atrophic lesions and interstitial fibrosis. The tests needed for tubular atrophic lesions: I. CT examination of kidneys The purpose is to check kidney diseases, such as stones, inflammation, tumors, etc. CT can be used for the examination of many kinds of diseases, and it has auxiliary significance to the diagnosis of diseases. CT examination process: 1.Lie on the bed of CT examination instrument. 2.CT scan the corresponding part of the kidney. 2. CT examination of adrenal gland CT examination of adrenal gland is a method to examine the adrenal gland by CT. CT examination of adrenal gland can understand the lesions of adrenal gland and has diagnostic significance for adrenal gland diseases. Adrenal CT examination process: 1. Prepare for the examination. 2, examination methods and scanning parameters (1) plain scan: ① scanning position: supine position, body in the middle of the bed, both arms up holding the head. ②scanning mode: cross-sectional continuous scanning. (3) Positioning scan: determine the scanning range, layer thickness and layer distance. ④Scanning range: the upper edge of the 12th thoracic vertebra to the lower edge of the 1st lumbar vertebra. ⑤Scanning frame tilt angle: scanning frame 0°. ⑥Scanning field (FOV): range of body part. ⑦Scanning layer thickness: 1 to 3 mm. ⑧Scanning interval: 1 to 3 mm. ⑨Reconstruction algorithm: soft tissue or standard algorithm. ⑩scanning parameters: set according to the CT model. (2) Enhancement scan: In order to understand the blood supply of the lesion or if there is difficulty in differential diagnosis, enhancement scan can be performed. When pheochromocytoma is clinically indicated, then contrast injection should be slowed down appropriately to avoid hypertensive crisis. ①Contrast agent dosage: 80-100 ml of ionic or non-ionic iodine-containing contrast agent. ②Injection method: pressure syringe intravenous group injection or pressurized rapid hand-push group injection, injection rate 2~3ml/s. ③Scanning start time: continuous scanning (8~10s scanning cycle) starts after 60~80ml injection. ④Other scanning procedures and scanning parameters: the same as plain scanning. (1) Sequential shooting of positioning film, plain scan and enhanced images. (2) Soft tissue window, window position L25~45HU, window width W200~400HU. (3) Coronal and sagittal reconstruction and radiography if necessary. (4) Measure the CT value and size at the level of the lesion, and measure the change in CT value before and after enhancement at the level of the lesion if necessary.