The common diseases that cause the head are cerebrovascular diseases, mostly cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Most of them occur in middle-aged and elderly patients with acute onset. Common causes include hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia and hyperhomocysteinemia, and cranial CT examination can make a clear diagnosis. Infectious diseases of the central nervous system, clinically common are encephalitis and meningitis can occur at any age, and may generally be accompanied by fever, as well as headache, nausea, and vomiting. Extraction of cerebrospinal fluid for pathogenic examination can clarify the diagnosis. The disease is primarily treated with antiviral therapy and may be accompanied by nutritional neurological therapy. In case of severe encephalitis, there may be an increase in intracranial pressure, while landing pressure treatment, commonly used drugs such as mannitol and glycerol fructose.