Most of them are due to congenital causes, such as the lack of some enzymes, resulting in abnormal metabolism in the body, excessive excretion of some substances from the urine or impaired reabsorption, which will form crystals in the urine after exceeding a certain solubility, and then gradually form stones. In addition, congenital malformations of the urinary tract, poor urinary drainage, or long-term urinary tract infections can also lead to the occurrence of stones. However, because children are often unable to express their condition completely, their subjective discomfort is rare, and they are often brought to the doctor by their families when their symptoms become more severe, which is often serious and even life-threatening. Parents need to understand that urinary stones in children and infants often have the following characteristics: 1) they are more acute and many children have oliguria, hematuria or anuria as the main clinical manifestation, which may be accompanied by renal insufficiency. Many children have no obvious symptoms such as back pain and abnormal urination, which may be related to the child’s inability to express or complete expression of the disease, but some children can still ask similar symptoms, should be vigilant and timely ultrasound and routine urine examination, there are often more red and white blood cells in the urine. 3, the child often accompanied by fever, crying or depression, poor diet and other systemic symptoms. 4. The disease progresses rapidly and changes quickly, and after diagnosis, it is often necessary to release the obstruction urgently, drain the urine and protect the kidney function. Therefore, timely detection of urinary stones in children is very important for family members, because only by detecting stones and treating them in time can the recurrence of stones and the damage caused by stones to the body be prevented and reduced to the greatest extent.