Disseminated white spots in the esophagus have a certain chance of becoming cancerous. According to relevant reports, the chance of esophageal leukoplakia, i.e. leukoplakia of the esophageal mucosa, is around 1%-5%. Esophageal mucosal leukoplakia is mainly caused by excessive keratinization of esophageal mucosa, such as trauma, esophageal infection, long-term alcohol consumption, long-term consumption of spicy and stimulating food, bad life habits, etc. If the area of esophageal white spots is relatively small, and the patient has no obvious symptoms appear, it is not harmful to the organism. If the white spots continue to expand, appear basal hard nodules or wart-like protuberances, and localized pain, it is necessary to pay attention to whether it is a sign of cancer. It is suggested that the patient should choose to consult the doctor in time and follow the doctor’s instruction for early treatment after biopsy and tissue examination, so as to avoid serious development of the disease due to delayed treatment.