The main basis for the diagnosis of acute leukemia is bone marrow aspiration, which is the examination program that must be done to diagnose this disease, including bone marrow cytology examination and gene chromosome examination. 1. Bone marrow cytological examination: The French, British and American standard, i.e. FAB standard, takes the bone marrow puncture examination suggesting that the primitive cells are ≥30% of the nucleated cells in the bone marrow as the diagnostic standard for diagnosing acute leukemia. The World Health Organization, or WHO, diagnostic criteria reduce the above percentage to ≥20%. Bone marrow aspiration can be used not only for the diagnosis of acute leukemia, but also for the specific typing of leukemia. For example, acute myeloid leukemia can be divided into 8 types, including the well-known and better prognosis M3 type, i.e. acute promyelocytic leukemia. 2. Gene and chromosome examination: gene and chromosome examination of bone marrow cells is also the main basis for confirming the diagnosis of AML, for example, AML is associated with chromosomal changes such as t(15;17) and PML fusion gene positivity, etc. In addition to bone marrow aspiration, which is the main diagnostic basis for AML, bone marrow aspiration is also the main diagnostic basis for AML. In addition to bone marrow aspiration as the main diagnostic basis, the diagnosis of acute leukemia also needs to be combined with clinical manifestations, physical examination results and other tests, such as routine blood tests, cellular immunology tests, etc. to make a comprehensive judgment. Diagnosis and treatment should be carried out under the guidance of physicians.