There is still hope for recovery of swallowing function after brainstem infarction, and the degree of recovery is related to the effect of post-infarction treatment, whether there is hypoxic brain injury, and the effect of rehabilitation training. The onset of brainstem infarction is rapid, mainly manifested as hemiparesis or quadriplegia, difficulty in swallowing and pronunciation, high fever, impaired consciousness (coma, mutism) and other neurological symptoms, which can be life-threatening in severe cases. If the infarcted area is large, the degree of hypoxic-ischemic injury of cerebral nerves is serious, and it is difficult to recover the swallowing function after brainstem infarction. After brainstem infarction, if timely treatment or early thrombolytic therapy, the probability of hypoxic brain injury will be significantly reduced, and the possibility of recovery and improvement of swallowing ability is greatly improved. Active rehabilitation training of swallowing function after infarction: oral sensory training, oral motor training, electrical stimulation, biofeedback, balloon dilatation, etc. can also greatly promote the recovery of swallowing ability. It is recommended that patients with swallowing dysfunction in brainstem infarction should actively consult the doctor in time and follow the doctor’s instructions for reasonable treatment.