The main laboratory features of hypoparathyroidism are hypocalcaemia and hyperphosphataemia, and the main clinical features are hypocalcaemia-related clinical manifestations. The aim of treatment is to correct hypocalcaemia, bring serum calcium levels to or near normal, reduce symptoms and eliminate torsades de pointes, prevent or reduce chronic complications of long-term parathyroidism, and avoid vitamin D toxicity.
The principle of treatment is to improve calcium absorption in the intestine by means of high doses of calcium and active vitamin D or its analogues, thereby correcting hypocalcaemia due to reduced intestinal calcium absorption and increased renal calcium excretion rates. Therefore, patients with parathyroidism require long-term calcium supplementation, but the vast majority of patients do not require calcium supplementation alone, but also active vitamin D or its analogues to promote intestinal calcium absorption and enhance bone turnover.