Late emphysema manifests mainly symptoms of respiratory system damage as well as circulatory system damage. Symptoms such as barrel-shaped chest, dyspnea, chest tightness, cough and sputum, jugular veins, edema, cyanosis and other symptoms. Emphysema refers to the pathological state in which the elasticity of the airways at the distal end of the terminal fine bronchioles decreases, and the lung volume increases with the destruction of the airway wall due to excessive expansion and inflation. The performance of emphysema in the late stage is mainly divided into two major directions: respiratory damage symptoms and cardiac damage symptoms. 1. Symptoms of respiratory system damage: the main manifestation is respiratory failure, patients cough, cough sputum, wheezing, cyanosis, and even because of respiratory failure leads to pulmonary encephalopathy, there are symptoms such as restlessness, headache, hallucinations, speech disorders and so on, and the examination can also find pestle finger, barrel-shaped chest, breath sounds obviously reduced. 2. Circulatory system damage symptoms: mainly arrhythmia, heart failure, manifested by chest tightness, jugular venous anger, cyanosis and body edema, such as double lower extremity edema. The treatment of advanced emphysema is very difficult, it can be improved by oxygen therapy or ventilator for assisted breathing to improve respiratory failure, and at the same time, it is also necessary to apply antibiotics to prevent and treat related infections, and to correct the heart failure and arrhythmia and other treatments. When emphysema occurs, it is recommended to consult a doctor in a timely manner and under the guidance of a professional physician to avoid delaying the condition.