In general, primary thrombocythemia can survive for a long time, but in a few patients with combined complications or disease transformation, the survival period will be shortened accordingly. Primary thrombocythemia is a chronic neoplastic disease with a mostly good prognosis. Without complications such as thromboembolism and bleeding, most patients can survive for a long time after appropriate treatment, and their survival is not significantly different from that of the population without the disease. However, about 10% of patients may convert to myelofibrosis or leukemia after 10 or 20 years, in which case the survival of patients will be shortened accordingly, especially those who convert to acute leukemia, perhaps surviving for only 3-6 months. After suffering from thrombocytosis, it is important to go to the hematology department of the hospital for standardized treatment and monitor the changes of platelets in order to control the platelet count within the normal range so as to avoid complications such as blood clots or bleeding.