Tracheal tumor refers to a primary tracheal tumor for which surgery is the preferred method and carries some risk. Primary tracheal tumors are tumors that occur below the cricoid cartilage and above the tracheal bullae. It is relatively rare, with little morbidity, and malignancy is predominant, with squamous carcinoma being the most common. Surgery is the preferred method for primary tracheal tumors, and inoperable patients can be treated with percutaneous fiberoptic bronchoscopic intervention, as well as radiotherapy and chemotherapy. There is a high percentage of surgical complications, including infection, bleeding, anastomotic collapse, and stenosis, which may affect breathing. If a primary tracheal tumor is diagnosed, it is recommended to go to the hospital in time for standardized treatment under the guidance of a doctor to minimize the adverse effects.