Uremia is a kidney disease with serious impairment of kidney function, represented by symptoms of elevated urea, creatinine, metabolic acidosis and disorders of water and electrolyte balance. clinical treatment means mainly include drug therapy, hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis and kidney transplantation, and also need to be combined with the indications of the disease for treatment. 1. drug therapy: patients with uremia, a series of complications will occur, such as hypertension, anemia, The drugs applied are mainly for the above complications, such as hypertension, anemia, metabolic acidosis, hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, and secondary hyperparathyroidism. The drugs applied are mainly for the above complications, such as potassium and blood pressure lowering drugs, sodium bicarbonate to correct acidosis, phosphorus lowering drugs and erythropoietin and iron supplementation, etc.; 2.Hemodialysis: Hemodialysis is mainly for patients with end-stage renal disease, hemodialysis is the use of dialysis machines to draw the patient’s blood out of the body, through the blood filter to filter out the toxins and excess water in the body, and then the purified blood is delivered back to the body. Hemodialysis can help patients excrete toxins and metabolic wastes from the body, correct electrolyte balance, and greatly prolong the patient’s life; 3, peritoneal dialysis: peritoneal dialysis uses the semi-permeable properties of the peritoneum to place a catheter in the peritoneal cavity, and use the catheter to instill peritoneal fluid into the patient’s peritoneal cavity, through which the peritoneal fluid can be exchanged with blood in the blood vessels. After a few hours, the peritoneal dialysis fluid containing waste will be released and then filled with new peritoneal dialysis fluid, through peritoneal dialysis can reduce the disability rate of patients with kidney disease and improve the quality of life of patients; 4, kidney transplantation: kidney transplantation is currently the most effective way to treat uremia, kidney transplantation is to choose a suitable kidney transplanted into the patient’s body, which helps patients to carry out normal waste metabolism, this way can better This method can improve the survival rate of patients, but this method also has the problem of organ rejection, which requires enhanced postoperative treatment monitoring and care. Uremia is the end stage of kidney disease, which requires timely early diagnosis and treatment, alternative treatment is usually based on hemodialysis, and kidney transplantation can be chosen for patients with good health and complete conditions.