Lumbar intervertebral discs compressing nerves and causing pain in one leg can be treated by the following methods: First, conservative treatment: If the pain is only occasional, conservative treatment can be considered, including continuous bed rest for 2-3 weeks, as well as lumbar traction therapy, ultrashort wave therapy, microwave therapy, and with oral celecoxib and other medications, which can bring rapid relief of clinical symptoms. Second, surgery: If the clinical symptoms are heavy and will continue to attack, it is necessary to consider surgery to release the nerve compression and restore the nerve blood supply, and the patient’s leg pain will be relieved soon. Postoperatively, the same bed rest, lumbar back muscle exercise, and short-term braking of the lumbar spine are needed to enable the clinical symptoms to remain stable. Early diagnosis and early treatment of a herniated lumbar disc that is compressing a nerve and causing pain in one leg is the only way to bring about significant relief of clinical symptoms.