The auricular compartment is medically known as congenital preauricular fistula. It is caused by the incomplete fusion of the three auricular mounds on each of the first and second gill arches during embryonic life, mostly as sinus tracts and rarely as fistulas. The blind end of the sinus tract is connected to the auricular cartilage or the cartilage or bone wall of the external auditory canal by a weak band of fibrous tissue, or down to the parotid fascia, or to the tympanic cavity or pharynx to form a fistula. The wall of the duct is lined with a complex squamous epithelium with hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands. Due to the tortuous pathway and poor drainage of glandular secretions, chronic purulent infections often develop secondary to acute and chronic infections, with localized redness and pain, or the formation of abscesses that break down. Treatment should be complete excision, if there is residue is very easy to recur, surgery is chosen to be performed in the quiescent phase when the inflammation is completely subsided. If the infection is present at the time of consultation, anti-infective treatment should be administered first, and then surgical excision should be performed after the inflammation is controlled. Preauricular fistulas that are not infected do not need to be treated. For preauricular fistulas that are secondary to infection, topical ichthyolite ointment can be applied along with antibiotics. If an abscess has formed, it must be incised and drained to release the pus. After the infection has been controlled, surgery is then performed to remove the fistula. The surgery should aim to remove the fistula cleanly at one time and, if necessary, remove a little cartilage, otherwise it is very likely to cause reinfection.