If the vessel wall thickening is serious, most patients can have no clinical symptoms and signs. If the vessel wall thickening is serious, it may cause narrowing of the lumen, stiffness of the vessel wall, and poor elasticity of the vessel, which may easily cause insufficient blood supply to the brain, and patients may suffer from cerebral ischemia and hypoxia. Patients with cerebellar and brainstem ischemia and hypoxia generally show dizziness, nausea, vomiting, balance disorders, ataxia, and may also develop nystagmus and diplopia. Difficulty in swallowing and choking on water may also occur. Some patients may experience blackness in front of the eyes, and in severe cases, cerebral infarction may occur, and low-density lesions may appear on cranial CT examination. Common causes of vessel wall thickening include atherosclerosis, and most patients have hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus and hypertension.