About one-third of a person’s life is spent in sleep, sleep is not only necessary for human life, but also very important for the body to repair itself, restore mental and physical strength, beauty care. If sleep is not good, the brain does not get sufficient rest, it will affect the thinking activities, processing and resilience, learning and work efficiency decline, but also lead to errors and accidents. Poor sleep often produce anxiety, irritability and other emotional changes, while easily lead to plant nerve dysfunction and a series of physical discomfort, such as dizziness, headache, panic, chest tightness, shortness of breath, gastrointestinal tract disorders, tingling, etc.. Moreover, poor sleep can cause the body’s immunity to decline, increasing the risk of disease and inducing the occurrence of various neurological and psychiatric diseases.
Sleep disorders include: insomnia, narcolepsy, night terrors, nightmares and so on. The most common one is insomnia. Studies have reported insomnia rates as high as 20 to 30 percent of the population.
The main manifestations of insomnia are.
1.Difficulty in falling asleep: that is, after going to bed, tossing and turning, unable to fall asleep for a long time, the more sleep the more awake, accompanied by random thoughts, anxiety, etc.
2, sleep is not deep: shallow sleep table, easy to wake up, a little noise will wake up.
3.Multiple dreams: During the sleep process, you are in the sleep “dream period” for a long time, and you wake up in the morning and feel that you have been dreaming all night, and you can even repeat the content of your dreams and remember them vividly, and you are tired and weak during the day.
4.Difficulty in re-sleeping: you cannot fall back to sleep after waking up in the middle of the night.
5.Decreased need for sleep: Self-perception of not needing too much sleep for a long time, or even staying awake all night, not feeling fatigued during the day, and having plenty of energy.
Narcolepsy: Showing too much sleep, excessive sleep, sleeping anytime and anywhere, even walking.
Night terrors: recurrent sudden awakening from sleep and shrieking, accompanied by increased heart rate, shortness of breath, and dilated pupils.
Nightmares: Waking up in the middle of sleep with nightmares, fear and anxiety, and palpitations.
Common causes of insomnia.
1, violation of the physiological clock caused by insomnia: such as the size of the night shift shift work; or travel abroad shuttle different latitudes; sometimes extreme excitement, tears of joy will also be unable to sleep, but usually for a short time.
2, suddenly by the impact of major events: such as the death of relatives, divorce, unemployment, company closures, stock fluctuations, and earthquakes, etc., resulting in emotional instability, loss, panic, long time can not calm, so that sleepless nights, but usually one or two months will recover, is a short-term insomnia, but a few will also evolve into chronic insomnia.
3.Primary insomnia: These patients do not have special medical or mental diseases, but are usually congenitally worried people who are prone to tension and anxiety, and sometimes have poor sleep quality, and when they encounter major stress and increased mental load, they cannot sleep even more. The primary insomnia, you may not find any reason.
4, mental illness: such as depression patients are often accompanied by insomnia, characterized by waking up at two or three o’clock in the morning, it is difficult to fall asleep again, manic patients do not want to sleep at night, endless energy, call friends in the middle of the night to chat, unlimited energy, unable to sleep quietly. Other patients with generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and schizophrenia may not be able to sleep from time to time.
5, internal diseases: arthritis and various aches and pains, may be painful patients can not sleep at night; heart failure patients, when lying down to sleep will gasp more, so must sit to sleep, affecting the quality of sleep; other thyroid disease, lung disease, uremia, may be insomnia.
6, women menopause: women in menopause when the flushing, night sweats, insomnia and other syndromes, some premenstrual syndrome will be serious anxiety, anxiety, pain, and even insomnia.
7, drugs: drugs such as steroids (U.S. Xanadu), some people will take a small amount of insomnia, a large number of mental abnormalities. Asthma drugs such as bronchodilators make the heart beat faster, excited nerves and can not sleep. In addition, drugs such as marijuana, heroin, amphetamines, will affect the brain amine, excitement of the central nervous system, insomnia, hallucinations.
8, stimulating beverages: tea, coffee and other stimulating beverages will disrupt normal sleep, as for alcohol, when you start drinking, can promote sleep, but long-term drinking, just like taking sleeping pills will be addicted, a long time will affect normal sleep, and alcohol will be rapidly metabolized, so that its sleeping effect disappears in the second half of the night, and headache, sweating, palpitations and other adverse side effects, making the patient more pain.
9, medical source: the doctor gave the patient sleeping pills or the patient himself taking sleeping pills, day after day into the habit, resulting in drug dependence tolerance. Finally, they completely rely on sleeping pills to help them sleep, and the more they take, the greater the amount of drugs they need, or they will lose sleep.
10, sleep – waking cycle disorder: human beings in the day after a day’s work, night, gradually into the dream, after six to nine hours of sleep, and then wake up at dawn, so that day after day, is the human sleep – waking cycle, solid to a day for a cycle, also known as “day rhythm”, but some people day rhythm delayed, so that to three or nine hours in the morning. However, some people have a delayed daily rhythm, so that they go to bed at 3:00 or 4:00 in the morning and do not wake up until noon. If these patients set their own routine, they do not have insomnia problems, but they cannot match the routine of the society and still need to be corrected.
Treatment of insomnia: The key to the treatment of insomnia is to find out the cause of insomnia, analyze it carefully, and adopt different methods to solve it for different reasons. The most taboo is to take drugs indiscriminately on your own initiative. Because insomnia is often just a symptom of a disease. For example, depression and various neurological disorders (anxiety, fear, etc.) are often accompanied by insomnia, and if insomnia is only addressed, it may cover up the original disease and delay the treatment of the original disease. In psychiatry, insomnia is often a sign of a relapse of the disease, so once you have a bad sleep, you must be careful to beware of a relapse of the disease. Some insomnia may be resolved by simply adjusting one’s bad habits. Therefore, insomnia must be solved under the guidance of professional personnel and take appropriate and reasonable solutions.
For insomnia need to pay attention to.
1, to identify the causes of insomnia, to achieve the target, as far as possible, through the treatment of the original disease to solve.
2, pay attention to the habits of life.
a. Life and rest should be regular, to go to bed at the same time every day.
b. Exercise regularly every day, at least four times a week, more than thirty minutes each time.
c. Avoid sleeping in a noisy environment.
d. Too cold or too hot environment will affect sleep.
e. Do not drink alcohol, coffee, tea, large meals, etc. before bedtime.
f. Avoid watching tense and exciting TV, movies, and newspapers, such as murder and kidnapping cases, before bedtime, which may cause psychological disturbance and affect sleep.
g. After tossing and turning for a few moments and still can not sleep, simply get up and do some relaxing activities, continue to lie in bed will only make you more nervous, more difficult to sleep.
Drug treatment: 1.
1, Valium drugs: short-term sleep improvement effect is fast, but because of the following characteristics a. drug resistance and addiction, Valium drugs will produce drug resistance, about two weeks after the production, so we have to constantly increase the dose, and finally take a lot of sleeping pills is also ineffective; will also become addicted, like tobacco, alcohol addiction, b. can not sleep well, patients often complain about the feeling of sleep. c. forgetfulness, depressed mood, basically Sleeping pills inhibit brain activity and lead to sleep, so they also inhibit other brain activities, thus producing forgetfulness, inattention, weakness, and depression.
2, antidepressants: some traditional antidepressants and individual new antidepressants have a strong sleep-aiding effect, and can be applied to insomnia patients, especially insomnia patients often accompanied by anxiety, depression, the use of both can be relieved, really a double m, and there is no drug resistance and addiction problems.
Psychological and auxiliary instrument treatment.
Many insomniacs have psychological factors that cause insomnia, and at the same time insomnia produces various psychological problems, and even a vicious circle. Therefore, psychological treatment is also available, as well as biofeedback therapy, brain function instrument therapy and other better help, while avoiding drug treatment side effects.