At present, the treatment methods of pigmentation include general treatment, drug treatment, physical treatment, etc. Since there are individual differences in the type of pigmentation, range, color and cause of pigmentation, there is no absolute fastest and best treatment method; patients should choose the suitable treatment plan under the guidance of doctors in order to reach the best therapeutic effect.
1. General treatment: patients with pigmentation need to clarify their condition and avoid triggering factors, such as sun protection, reasonable diet (more vitamins, more fresh fruits and vegetables, etc.), and active treatment of primary diseases (such as endocrine disorders) that induce pigmentation, and so on.
2. Drug treatment: patients can use topical preparations such as photoprotectants to reduce the damage caused by long-term ultraviolet radiation to the skin and avoid the formation of pigmentation.
Patients can also use hydroquinone topical drugs (hydroquinone cream, etc.), which can reduce the activity of tyrosinase, inhibit the metabolism of melanocytes, and then produce reversible skin discoloration, commonly used in chloasma, freckles, and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation spots in pigmented spots; this drug is often combined with the use of vita-acid drugs, to enhance the effect of discoloration.
Patients can also use non-hydroquinone topical drugs, which also belong to tyrosinase inhibitors, can inhibit melanin formation and reduce pigmentation; such drugs include azelaic acid, tranexamic acid and so on.
3. Physical therapy: patients can also choose photorejuvenation, laser and other physical methods to lighten the pigmentation.
It is recommended that patients should undergo relevant examinations under the guidance of doctors to clarify the cause of the disease and then receive treatment according to the doctor’s instructions.