Many patients are concerned about the effect of long-term antiepileptic drugs on their intelligence, especially in pediatric epilepsy. The age of onset of epilepsy, the number of seizures and the type of epilepsy are all related to intelligence, so the cause of low intelligence cannot be considered to be caused by the use of antiepileptic drugs. As for the effect of antiepileptic drugs on intelligence, each drug is different. Some people believe that phenobarbital can have an effect on the cognition and behavior of children in the early stages of the disease, and then it gradually becomes less pronounced. It is also believed that phenobarbital has an effect on the intelligence of some children. The effects are more pronounced if the blood concentration of the drug reaches the toxic range. In China, the memory function of children taking phenobarbital has been studied, and the result is that the memory of some children is affected during the drug administration, but it can be recovered after stopping the drug and reach above moderate level. Phenytoin sodium has an effect on memory, intelligence, and reaction speed, and the higher the blood concentration of the drug, the more pronounced it is. Even within the effective drug blood concentration range and without any clinical manifestations of drug intoxication, it can cause mental retardation in sick children. Drugs such as carbamazepine, sodium valproate, and Toltea have little effect on pediatric cognitive function. Although antiepileptic drugs may have some effect on cognitive function, the results of numerous studies have demonstrated that when seizures are controlled with medication, the IQ and memory of the child improve significantly despite continued medication. In conclusion, the fact that epileptic patients sometimes have a combination of low intelligence is an objective reality that is related to many factors. Many neurological disorders can cause both mental retardation and seizures. For example, severe neonatal asphyxia, severe intracranial hemorrhage, congenital malformations of the brain or some genetic diseases (e.g. tuberous sclerosis) can cause epilepsy and often combined with mental retardation, sometimes showing mental retardation before seizures occur, and the mental retardation in these patients is not related to the use of antiepileptic drugs. These patients are not associated with the use of antiepileptic drugs. Some neurological infections (e.g., encephalitis, meningitis) or sequelae of severe traumatic brain injury occur after birth and often result in mental retardation and epilepsy. This is certainly not related to the application of anti-epileptic drugs. The presence of mental retardation in children with epilepsy can be related to the cause, type of seizure, age and number of episodes, and is not caused by long-term use of anti-drugs. The parents of children with epilepsy must be cautious with their medication, do not understand the need to consult, do not blindly guess and draw their own conclusions to treat their children. This is a good way to avoid serious consequences.