High HDL cholesterol means that the HDL cholesterol index is higher than normal, and there are physiological and pathological highs, and physiological highs help to reduce the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. HDL cholesterol is short for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, which is a commonly used indicator in lipid screening programs. In general, the level of HDL cholesterol in the blood is relatively stable. Elevated HDL cholesterol is also known as “good cholesterol” and can be categorized into physiological and pathological elevations. Physiologic elevations are common in people who eat a healthy diet and exercise regularly. Elevated HDL cholesterol in this case can help to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, which is a good phenomenon and not a cause for concern. Chronic hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis and other diseases may lead to pathologically elevated HDL cholesterol, which requires active treatment of the primary disease. If HDL cholesterol is lower than normal, it is also necessary to pay attention to it, and should actively exercise, low-salt and low-fat diet, quit smoking and drinking, etc., and regularly monitor the lipid index.