Nephrotic syndrome can be seen in almost all glomerular diseases, manifested by massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, often accompanied by edema and hyperlipidemia, and the treatment is mainly divided into general treatment (e.g., rest, water restriction and sodium restriction) and drug treatment (e.g., prednisone acetate, furosemide, etc.).
Nephrotic syndrome refers to the clinical syndrome of massive proteinuria (>3.5g/d), hypoalbuminemia (<30g/L), obvious edema and/or hyperlipidemia caused by various reasons, of which the first two are the key to the diagnosis of this disease. Treatment mainly includes general treatment (e.g. rest, water restriction and sodium restriction), drug treatment (e.g. prednisone acetate, furosemide, etc.).
1. General treatment: pay attention to rest, bed rest is needed when severe edema and body cavity effusion, and control the intake of water and sodium at the same time. Limit protein intake if necessary, and try to choose high quality animal protein, such as beef, fish, etc.
2. Drug treatment:
(1) To the cause: according to the pathology of renal puncture and the recommendations of the guidelines, glucocorticoids can be used to inhibit the immune inflammatory response and inhibit the secretion of aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone, and the commonly used drugs are prednisone acetate and so on. If hormone therapy is ineffective or hormone dependence occurs, patients can choose cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine and other immunosuppressants for treatment.
(2) Symptomatic: patients with severe edema can use hydrochlorothiazide, furosemide and other diuretics for relief. Patients with hypertension can use drugs such as captopril and fosinopril, which can not only control blood pressure, but also reduce the amount of protein in the urine.
Patients with nephrotic syndrome should go to the hospital in time, follow the doctor's instructions to standardize the treatment, the drugs need to be used in accordance with the doctor's instructions, do not self-medication.