Surgery is usually recommended when the effect of conservative treatment is not obvious in patients with tenosynovitis. Tendovaginitis is a chronic aseptic inflammatory change of the tendon sheath caused by repeated mechanical friction, which occurs in any part of the tendon sheath, such as fingers, forearms, shoulders, etc. Its main clinical manifestations are localized pain, swelling, and restricted activities. Patients should pay attention to rest, reduce the activities of the lesion, when swelling and pain can be under the guidance of the doctor for ice or hot compresses, in order to alleviate the symptoms. Patients can also take oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as ibuprofen, acetaminophen, etc., as prescribed by the doctor, or use local anesthetics, such as lidocaine, procaine, etc. for treatment. For patients whose conservative treatment is not effective or ineffective, tendon sheath incision and decompression treatment through surgery can be considered to restore joint function and relieve patient’s symptoms. It is recommended that patients strictly follow the doctor’s instructions for the correct use of medication, actively cooperate with the doctor’s treatment, and also pay attention to the postoperative care, if any discomfort to consult a doctor in a timely manner.