Rash is one of the common concerns of parents of infants. As shown above, this rash is called toxic erythema, and many parents are frightened to hear the word “toxic”, but in fact, it is a benign or self-limiting skin disease of unknown etiology, occurring in nearly half of full-term infants and rarely in preterm infants. It appears in most infants at 1-3 days after birth, but can occur as late as 3 weeks. There are no gender, seasonal or geographic differences. The characteristic features of this rash are: the child is generally well and the rash can occur all over the body as small, irregularly shaped erythematous spots 1 to 3 mm in diameter, which may be covered with small white pustules resembling flea bites. A single lesion may last only a few hours, but the rash may recur for several days or, in rare cases, weeks. The number of rashes varies from a few to dozens, with the trunk being the most frequent site and the face and extremities also being involved, while the palms of the hands and soles of the feet are almost never involved. Several rashes may fuse to form a plaque several centimeters in diameter. The etiology of toxic erythema is not known. It may be an allergic reaction, but there is no direct basis for this. It is also thought to be due to disruption of maternally influenced hormones in the infant in utero after birth, but also lacks a precise basis. Diagnosis of neonatal toxic erythema requires exclusion of infectious skin diseases such as bacterial folliculitis, pustulosis herpetiformis, candidiasis, herpes, and scabies. Pigmentary disorders can also be misdiagnosed as toxic erythema in the early stages. Toxic erythema does not require treatment and usually resolves on its own within 1 week, with a very rare prolonged course and recurrence. Parents need to be informed and reassured to ease their concerns.