Low back pain and sciatica are the warning signs of lumbar disc herniation. Lumbar disc herniation is not just the preserve of middle-aged and elderly friends, it is also a considerable threat to young people. Lumbar disc herniation is divided into: bulge, protrusion, and prolapse. The symptoms are diverse. Including a variety of back pain symptoms, patients often have lumbosacral pain, the pain is deep and can be mild or severe. The lighter ones are produced only after sitting for a long time, while the heavier ones are unbearable, bedridden, painful when they move a little, and extremely difficult to turn over. What are the signs of lumbar disc herniation Orthopedic experts point out that not every lumbar disc patient has symptoms of lumbar pain, and some patients only have lower limb symptoms, such as numbness and discomfort in the lower legs and feet at an early stage. Or some patients start with pain and numbness in one lower extremity, and soon the symptoms appear on the other side, with a focus on one side light or the original side disappearing. The upper lumbar disc herniation is mostly manifested as femoral neuralgia on the anterior side of the femur, and the lower lumbar disc herniation is mostly manifested as sciatica on the posterior side of the femur. There are also patients who have symptoms of lumbar and leg pain at the same time. There are also cases in which the symptoms of lumbar pain are reduced or disappear after the appearance of lower limb symptoms. The lower limb symptoms caused by lumbar disc herniation are often related to walking and standing, some patients show persistent pain and numbness, and the symptoms affect walking activities in heavy cases and paralysis of the lower limbs in serious cases, so experts remind that early treatment is needed. Early treatment of herniated discs is not only to reduce the torment of the symptoms on the patient, but also to prevent secondary changes in the herniated disc from producing more and more serious symptoms. The following changes can occur secondary to a herniated disc: 1. posterior joint degeneration and osteophytes in lumbar disc pain with a long history of lumbar disc herniation are mostly combined with posterior joint degeneration and osteophytes. On the one hand, lumbar disc herniation and degeneration lead to narrowing of the intervertebral space and relaxation of the intervertebral disc; on the other hand, osteophytes of the upper joint synapse can further narrow the intervertebral foramen and increase the chance of nerve root compression. 2, ligamentum flavum hypertrophy, calcification chronic lumbar muscle strain can make ligamentum flavum hypertrophy > 1CM, ligamentum flavum hypertrophy between the vertebral plates can narrow the spinal canal and compress the dural sac, ligamentum flavum hypertrophy in the joint capsule can compress the nerve root, producing signs similar to intervertebral disc herniation. 3, degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis lumbar disc herniation or degeneration caused by the narrowing of the intervertebral space, fibular ring relaxation posterior protrusion, hypertrophy of the ligamentum flavum, vertebral body posterior edge and intervertebral joint osteophytes can cause the spinal canal to become smaller, so that the original smaller spinal canal to produce narrowing, is secondary spinal stenosis. Long-term recurrent lumbar pain, soreness and sleepiness, followed by intermittent claudication. 4, degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis disc herniation and degeneration can lead to lumbar instability and synovial osteoarthritis, both of which are the main causes of degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis, and all kinds of lumbar and leg symptoms can occur. 5, lumbar spine bone superfluous formation bone superfluous mostly occurs in the adjacent edge of the degenerated intervertebral disc, the bone superfluous in the intervertebral foramen and the larger bone superfluous on the posterior longitudinal ligament can compress the nerve root and appear as signs of lumbar disc herniation. 6, lumbar instability of the lumbar spine in the three joint complex of the lumbar spine in the posterior joint degeneration of the intervertebral disc, can lead to mutual influence, making the lumbar spine unstable, unable to maintain the stability of the spine, the vertebral body and synovial joints appear hyperplasia, and finally appear fibrous or bony ankylosis. Therefore, lumbar instability is a stage in the process of lumbar disc degeneration. 7, narrowing of the intervertebral disc in adults with the reduction of the water content of the nucleus pulposus, there can be limited narrowing of the disc height, which may accelerate its progress in the case of lumbar disc herniation, and the narrowing of the vertebral space can cause subluxation of the posterior joints and excessive displacement of the articular eminence, causing narrowing of the lateral saphenous fossa and intervertebral foramen, thus leading to the signs of lumbar disc herniation.