Total cystectomy is mainly to remove the human bladder after which the prostate and seminal vesicles are also removed in men; in women, a portion of the urethra, pelvic peritoneum, and tissues around the pelvic vessels, such as lymph nodes and lymph vessels, are also removed. The skin is cut normally, the anterior bladder space and both sides of the space are separated, the peritoneum is pushed open to reveal the bladder, the retroperitoneum is cut, and the bilateral ureters are separated 4-5 cm below the pelvic rim. When the total cystectomy is performed, the ureteral stump can be differentiated according to the specific shape of the ureter, and the ureteral stump can be closed with the abdominal wall fistula and urethral stump to form a total cystectomy and ureteral abdominal wall fistula. The ureter can also be combined with the sigmoid colon. For this procedure, the anal sphincter function should be checked preoperatively, and if the anal control is good, this procedure can be chosen. Ileal substitution of the bladder can also be performed, in which part of the ileum is removed and sutured to form a tissue that somewhat resembles the shape of the bladder, which is then attached to the ureter and connected to the urethra. This creates an anatomical structure that approximates the normal urinary system, which is the ileal substitution of the bladder procedure.