The brachial plexus is composed of the anterior branches of the cervical 5 to cervical 8 spinal nerves, and sometimes some of the anterior branches of the cervical 4 or thoracic 1 spinal nerves. When the parts of the brachial plexus nerves are damaged, the pain generated within their innervation area is called brachial plexus neuralgia. It is characterized by different degrees of pain in the shoulder and upper limbs, and is divided into radicular brachial plexiform neuralgia and dry neuralgia according to the site of injury. Radicular brachial plexus neuralgia is commonly caused by cervical spondylosis, cervical intervertebral disc herniation, cervical spine tuberculosis, fracture, dislocation, epidural metastasis of metastatic carcinoma, arachnoiditis and so on. Dry brachial plexus neuralgia is mostly caused by cribriform clavicle syndrome, as well as cervical rib and brachial plexus trauma, brachial plexus neuritis, etc. The treatment programs are different according to the causes.