What should I pay attention to in breast ultrasound examination? In recent years, the incidence rate of breast cancer in China is increasing year by year, and it has ranked the second place of female malignant tumors, and the first place in cities. The treatment effect and prognosis of breast cancer mainly depend on the early or late detection of lesions. Therefore, early diagnosis of breast cancer is the key to improve the survival rate of patients. Breast tissue is superficial and has few interfering factors, which makes it very suitable for ultrasound examination. Breast ultrasound has the advantages of being simple, easy to perform, safe, non-invasive, non-radioactive, repeatable and easily accepted by patients. Who needs breast ultrasound? Clinically, ultrasound is mainly used to examine breast lobular hyperplasia, inflammation, cysts, fibroid tumors and breast cancer, especially in identifying the benign and malignant nature of breast lumps, discovering early breast cancer, and checking whether there are enlarged lymph nodes in the axilla and clavicle, which can provide a reliable basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. The increasing improvement of ultrasound imaging technology, especially the emergence of color Doppler ultrasound technology, enables the internal structure, size, shape, edges, the number of internal blood vessels, the distribution of blood flow, and its relationship with the surrounding tissues of the breast mass to be clearly displayed. Based on these detected data, the doctor can make a preliminary judgment on the nature of the lump. In short, any person who finds a lump in the breast can initially determine the nature of the lump through color ultrasound. Examination Memorandum 1. On the day of the examination, it is advisable to wear a “cardigan” to facilitate the examination. 2. 2. During the examination, the patient lies on the examination bed, fully exposing the breasts. 3. The doctor first observes whether there is any change in the appearance of the patient’s breasts and nipples, and performs breast palpation to understand the size and location of the lump. After that, the nipple will be used as the center of gravity for zonal sweeping, to observe and record the morphology, texture, boundary, presence or absence of peritoneum, and whether there are calcified foci inside the lump, and finally, color Doppler will be used to detect the blood flow inside and around the lump. 4, the doctor out of the examination report. How to determine the nature of breast lump by color ultrasound? 1.Morphology of breast lumps Infiltrative border is the main feature of breast cancer, which is often shown as crab foot shape and burr sign on color ultrasound. Most of the breast lumps with clear boundary and regular shape are benign. Under normal circumstances, the lymph nodes in these two areas are not enlarged and the texture is soft. If the lymph nodes in these two areas are found to be enlarged at the same time, and no other reason can be found to cause the enlargement of the lymph nodes, it is highly suspected that the breast lump is malignant. Calcification within the lump is of great value to the diagnosis of breast cancer. Calcification of breast cancer is characterized by tiny pinpoint or mud-like calcification, and the high resolution of ultrasound can easily find out the calcification of the lump. 4, blood flow in and around the lump Breast cancer can stimulate the body to produce a myxoma angiogenic factor, which will stimulate angiogenesis and form a rich vascular network. Color ultrasound often shows that there is rich blood flow in or around the mass, and sometimes the penetrating blood vessels, especially arterial vessels, can be found in the mass. In addition, experienced ultrasound doctors can also combine the clinical features of the tumor, such as the presence of abnormal nipple overflow, whether the skin on the surface of the tumor is orange peel-like changes, as well as the hardness of the mass on palpation, the degree of mobility, etc., in order to improve the accuracy of the judgment. Special reminder: Although ultrasound is of great value in discovering small breast lesions, determining the nature of lumps, and accurately locating tumors, ultrasound diagnosis is non-specific, and many lesions are similar to benign and malignant tumors, which are easy to be misdiagnosed or omitted from diagnosis, and ultrasound can not replace the cytology of puncture cytology and biopsy and other means of pathology. Therefore, after the color ultrasound examination, patients with breast lumps should go to a specialist doctor for comprehensive judgment and determination of the best examination and treatment plan by the doctor, and should not act on their own.