Most diabetic patients have metabolic disorders of carbohydrates, proteins and fats, which also affect the absorption and utilization of vitamins and minerals by the body. Adjusting the balance of the above nutrients is beneficial for diabetic patients to correct metabolic disorders and prevent complications. Diabetic patients need to control the total daily energy intake, reasonably allocate the intake of various nutrients, among which carbohydrates account for 50%-60% of the total daily calories, and the amount of staple foods for breakfast, lunch and dinner are allocated according to 1/5, 2/5 and 2/5 respectively, among which protein accounts for 12%-15% and fat accounts for 20%-30%, and try to diversify the diet under the premise of certain total calories, and can appropriately increase the amount of food rich in Vitamin C, vitamin E, beta-carotene and B vitamins can be increased to avoid poor control of diabetes and complications such as infection and ketoacidosis. In addition, dietary fiber also has a role in controlling diabetes, such as soluble dietary fiber can form a gel in the intestine to slow down the absorption of sugar, thereby reducing fasting blood sugar and postprandial blood sugar, and at the same time can reduce glucagon, improve insulin sensitivity and accelerate sugar utilization, so diabetic patients should ensure a daily dietary fiber intake of 25-30g.