The hepatic portal vein is a large vein that enters the liver and is characterized by its close connection with capillaries, which gradually branch off to form the capillaries of the liver, and from there the hepatic vein injects into the inferior vena cava. The main function of the hepatic portal vein is to transport substances absorbed from the intestines to the liver, where they are synthesized, detoxified and stored, and bile is secreted. When the return of the hepatic portal vein is impeded due to lesions or circulatory disorders, collateral circulation can be formed by anastomosing with the rectal venous plexus, esophageal venous plexus, and the periumbilical venous network. 1. The rectal venous plexus is in the lower part of the rectum, connecting with the hepatic portal vein and the inferior vena cava, which has a certain impact on perianal diseases mainly hemorrhoids. 2. The esophageal venous plexus is in the lower end of the esophagus as well as the gastric cardia, connecting with the hepatic portal vein and the superior vena cava, which will largely affect the formation of esophageal diverticulum or cause diaphragm diaphragm relaxation and contraction abnormalities. 3. 3. The periumbilical venous network is located in the subcutaneous tissue around the umbilicus and will connect to the superior and inferior vena cava of the hepatic portal vein, which will have an impact on the blood flow to the colon and appendix at this location. Any abnormalities in the hepatic portal vein should be treated aggressively to avoid delay.