There is no cure for emphysema, but if emphysema patients are detected early and treated in a timely and standardized manner, the progression of the disease can be slowed down and the quality of life can be improved. The exact cause of emphysema is still unclear. Among them, smoking is the most important risk factor. Emphysema can manifest as cough, sputum, shortness of breath, wheezing and other symptoms. Usually, mild and moderate patients have mild symptoms, while patients with severe emphysema can experience shortness of breath and respiratory distress during simple activities, which seriously affects their quality of life. Emphysema is irreversible and cannot be cured, but patients can prevent complications and slow down the progression of the disease through standardized treatment. Treatment mainly includes general treatment such as quitting smoking and keeping warm; bronchodilators such as salmeterol and tiotropium bromide can be used for shortness of breath; expectorants such as aminoglutethimide and bromhexine can be used to alleviate the symptoms of coughing and phlegm if the symptoms are more severe. For patients with surgical indications, they can also choose huge pulmonary herpetic resection, lung volume reduction surgery, lung transplantation and other treatment modalities. Patients with emphysema need to go to regular hospitals and receive standardized treatment under the guidance of doctors to slow down the progress of the disease and improve the quality of life.