Postherpetic neuralgia

  Herpes zoster (herpes zoster) is a skin disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus that involves both nerves and skin. It is an acute herpetic skin disease with clusters of blisters on the skin that are painful as fire. Clinical manifestations include clusters of blisters distributed along the peripheral nerves on one side of the body, with neuralgia and local lymph node enlargement, which rarely recur after healing.  The disease is self-limiting and the principles of treatment are pain relief, inflammation control, local protection and prevention of secondary infection. Generally, vitamin B1 and vitamin B12 can be given intramuscularly, and oral analgesics or acupuncture therapy and audio electrotherapy can be used. In severe cases, antiviral or immune-enhancing drugs such as transfer factor (TF) or specific high-valent immunoglobulin, interferon and interferon-inducing agents are used. Antiviral drugs such as cytarabine and acyclovir (acyclovir), especially the latter if applied early, have good effects in significantly increasing the cure rate, shortening the course of the disease and reducing pain and preventing complications.  Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is one of the most common and disabling complications of herpes zoster. The definition of PHN is controversial, but most recent data refer to chronic pain that persists for more than 120 days after the local lesion of herpes zoster has been repaired. The annual incidence of herpes zoster is about 2/1000, and the incidence of PHN after varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection ranges from 10% to 27%, with age being the most important risk factor for PHN, with an incidence of 40% at age >50 years and 75% at age >75 years. The presentation of PHN varies, often with burning pain, fluctuating aggravation, sudden, sharp stabbing pain, or mechanical, hot abnormal pain. Patients’ quality of life is often severely affected by severe pain, resulting in fatigue, insomnia, anxiety, and depression. With the aging of the population and the severity and complexity of PHN, the prevention and treatment of PHN has become one of the hot and difficult topics of clinical research.  According to Chinese medicine, the disease mostly develops in spring and autumn, because of the erythema and blisters on the skin, and every time it occurs, it is also known as “waist-wrapping fire-dam”, or “fire belt sores” and “snake dam”. It is also known as “spider sores” in the book “Surgery Qixuan”. This disease is mostly caused by unrestrained emotions and depressed liver qi, which turns into fire over time; or by poor diet and loss of spleen health, which results in internal dampness and heat, and internal dampness and heat, which is also caused by external poisonous evil, resulting in the accumulation of dampness, heat and fire in the skin. All painful and itchy sores belong to fire. In old and frail people, the pain is often severe due to blood deficiency, liver exuberance, damp-heat toxicity, and qi-blood stagnation.  In the early stages of the disease, damp-heat is the main cause, and in the later stages, qi stagnation and blood stasis are the main cause, especially in the elderly. The treatment principle is to clear damp-heat, detoxify and relieve pain. At the beginning of the disease, while clearing damp-heat, blood stasis and pain relief should be applied as appropriate to prevent posterior neuralgia. Chinese medicine and acupuncture are used simultaneously in the treatment of this disease.  Plum Blossom Acupuncture has a history of 1,000 years. The Nei Jing defines Plum Blossom Acupuncture as “a shallow and quick needling, without needling the flesh, like plucking hair.” Because of the shallow pricking, the so-called “pricking skin does not hurt the flesh”, also known as skin needles. It is painless and minimally invasive, without the soreness, numbness, swelling and pain of ordinary acupuncture, and is suitable for children and patients who are afraid of acupuncture.  Therefore, plum blossom acupuncture is used in the treatment of herpes zoster, and the purpose of the buckling acupuncture is to unblock the skin meridians, open the body and detoxify the body, and the role of anti-inflammatory and analgesic. This therapy is used to adjust the body by stimulating a certain part of the body. Even though the site may not be a meridian point, the stimulation of these areas can also achieve good therapeutic effects due to the relationship between the 12 meridians, the 15 other meridians and the skin meridians. From the western medical point of view better explanation, percussion can regulate the local small blood vessel wall diastolic function, improve local microcirculation, increase the role of nutrient blood vessels, deep capillary expansion, blood flow is accelerated, material metabolism, accelerate the absorption of inflammatory mediators and tissue edema, accelerate the cell repair process, and promote the regeneration of damaged nerves.  Precautions: 1, plum needle must be bought back after it is lightly sharpened to avoid too sharp, to avoid the generation of hook with thorns.  2, before knocking, put the plum blossom needle into 75% alcohol for soaking and disinfection. Treatment before and after the use of plummer needles of the diseased parts should also be disinfected accordingly.  3, after use, the plum needle should be placed in a safe place where children can not reach, to avoid children playing and injury.